A criticism a fill the gaps with must have, might have or can. A collection of english esl worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about past, modals, past modals. They cannot be used with the willfuture, they have no infinitive, no toinfinitive, no ing form, and no past. In the free exercises, you can practise what you have learnt online. Simple modals are the most familiarcan, would, mustwhile phrasal modals also known as periphrastic modals are phrases formed with the verbs be or have. With the past unreal conditional only if can be used when the situations discussed are imaginary. Modals of possibility and probability for past situations. If other tenses are required, the speaker or writer must use forms of the synonymous modal verb have to. The statement in the clause after if did not occur. Past modal verbs of deduction exercise autoenglish. May have might have something possibly happened but we arent sure if it did they may have left early because of the holiday traffic. Deduction means using the information available to make a guess or draw a conclusion about the facts. Present modal verbs of deduction and probability exercise check through the different uses.
Should have, could have, and would have are sometimes called modals of lost opportunity because they describe situations when we are imagining that the past was different. You should have apologised a criticism you shouldnt have said that. Advanced grammar past modals exercise esllounge student. The form used to expresses the idea that something was an old habit that stopped in the past. Welcome to esl printables, the website where english language teachers exchange resources. Modals verbs deduction speculation esl activities games. Present modal verbs of deduction and probability exercise. Modal verbs upper intermediate level my students find modal verbs quite difficult and get mixed up. Home page grammar exercises advanced past modals exercise. These conditional structures express what we could have done to avoid or change the events of a tragedy.
It is also used in indirect speech, polite questions and statements. Home page grammar exercises preintermediate modals multiple choice exercise modals multiple choice exercise. Need to necessity we really needed to talk to you have to obligation susan had to pay the rent have got to have to ive got to go now. Past modal verbs of deduction exercise she must have gone out there is strong evidence. Giving your students all this material at once would be rather. Modals of possibility and probability for past situations exercise 1 choose the correct modal to complete the sentence. Show all questions i dont know why vivian didnt attend the staff meeting this afternoon. Instead of step 3, the pairs can pick their two favorite situations to share with the class. I you he she it we they must might could may cant have been at work. Give each group of three or four a set of sentence cards and a set of speculation cards. English grammar practice exercise, intermediate level. Preintermediate grammar modals multiple choice exercise. The students shuffle each set of cards and spread them out face down on the table in two sets.
Hypothetical past statements are not factual untrue. Here students will practice using past modals like would have, should have or could have to talk about hypothetical situations. Main clauses with real conditional tenses can have modal verbs. Past modals you can use past modal verbs to describe someones possible or alternate actions in the past in a complaint situation. I have been using them with upperintermediate, advanced, fce, and cae students who often struggle with the concept of using modal verbs for something other than expressing ability or obligation. This conditional talks about a fictitious past, hence the term unreal conditional, by altering one aspect of a scenario to change its outcome. You can also have very meaningful conversations that arise out of the activities for modals of regret. Complete the following exercise with past modal verbs.
Should have could have would haveenglish learn english. Dec 19, 2008 lets take a look at that last part again. Grammar, vocabulary, reading, listening and much more. Expressing regret and describing hypothetical situations. Choose one of the following to complete the sentences. Konjunktiv ii the general subjunctive in german grammar. We express hypothetical situations with the preterit. Should have, could have, and would have are sometimes called modals of lost opportunity because they describe situations when we are imagining that the. Past modals such as should haveought to havecould havemight haveexpress advisability or possibility. The tenses with wishes and hypothetical situations.
Some examples of phrasal modals are have got to or be allowed to. The past tense verb form expresses distance or remoteness from reality rather than a past time frame. Dec 03, 2015 today we are going to look at modal verbs of deduction and speculation in the past. English esl past modals worksheets most downloaded 27. Modals and their substitute forms in the simple past and the willfuture exercise. This modal auxiliary has all normal tenses, including progressive or continuous forms. This form is commonly used in past real conditional sentences to emphasize that something was a habit.
Modal concept example like to enjoy i like to watch tv want to desire john wants to buy a car a few verbs which often serve as modals too. In this post, i am describing activities where students practice using past modal verbs for speculation and deduction. Modal verbs pdf worksheets english vocabulary and grammar. Modal verbs present and past esl worksheet by anariz. The students werent allowed to swim in the lake yesterday. Could have should have would have exercise 1 perfect english. Past modals of deduction exercises past modals of deduction we can use modal verbs to talk about how sure or unsure we are about something in the past just as we use modals in the present with a slight change in the form. Modal verbs of deduction and speculation in the past. Mar 12, 20 how to use past modals should have, could have, would have in english. Modals of possibility and probability for past situations exercise 2 choose the correct modal to complete the sentence. Hypothetical, unreal conditional, or irrealis indicates that an action or state is not a fact. Im worried that we wont have enough room for everyone. A great thing about busy teacher is that these worksheets have been used by other english teachers so you can view descriptions, ratings, and comments for each worksheet on the site.
Depending on the information available, you might be more. Real and unreal conditionals, modals and position of if. The examples below have the same meaning as the examples above. Modal verbs of deduction and speculation pdf esl activities, games. Conditional past unreal past hypothetical situations past hypothetical 1. English esl past modals worksheets most downloaded 27 results. A criticism a fill the gaps with must have, might have or cant have. Conditionals hypotheticals one activity happens after the other happens first. We use would and could to talk about wishes for the future. Book 3 unit 11 past modals for regrets and hypothetical. English grammar hypothetical situations esl activities. Modals and their substitute forms in the simple past and. If my dad had been seven feet tall instead of less than six feet tall, he would have been a great athlete. Modals past possibilities, certainties and deductions.
A in general the usual restrictions on the use of modals remain valid. This worksheet on hypothetical situations includes a lot of wish sentences and exercises. On the other hand, the hypothetical conditional allows us to express quite unlikely situations or situations that are downright impossible. The best way to introduce modals of regret is to first define and discuss regrets and what they are. There are some special conditional forms for modal verbs in english. The modal verb we choose shows how certain we are about the possibility.
The conditional situation is either real a situation which can or has occurred or unreal a situation which is imagined or hypothetical does not, did not or will not occur. Modal verbs present and past the worksheet is designed to familiarize students with the use of modal verbs in present and past. If she had agreed i might havewould have married her. They are also used in a sentence to express ability, asking permission, making requests and offers, and so on. Learn to conjugate subjunctive ii in german grammar and when to use it. Hypothetical situations esl worksheet by maria isabel. This page focuses on making deductions about the past. Fill in each gap using must have, cant have, could have, may have or might have.
We can use modal verbs to talk about how sure or unsure we are about something in the past just as we use modals in the present with a slight change in the form. Firstly, its important to remember what modal verbs are and why they are used. The following esl efl resources are available for hypothetical situations grammar. Tom would read more if he had more time, but he doesnt have much time if i didnt want to go to the party, i wouldnt go. Modals of regret arent particularly difficult to convey, but they are an advanced grammar point with several nuances to be certain to include. If i boxed against evander holyfield, he would kill me.
Mar 29, 2016 in this post, i am describing activities where students practice using past modal verbs for speculation and deduction. Modal verbs and past a free english exercise to learn english. Ive made this worksheet and have tried to be as clear and bried as possible. Book 3 unit 11 past modals for regrets and hypothetical past duration. In the above sentence must is a modal auxiliary verb which shows we are pretty sure about what happened. Type use modal verbs example 1 to express possibilities for the future could, may, might it may rain tomorrow. Lesson 10 modal verbs for deduction todays lesson will focus on using modal verbs for certainty, probability, and deduction. Choose the correct modal verb for each of these sentences. In this past modals activity, students play a pelmanism game where they speculate on situations using past modals of deduction and try to match cards together. We can use modal verbs for deduction guessing if something is true using the available information. I might have made a mistake there is a possibility that i made a mistake. This is a lesson plan based around the theme of hangovers in which students get to grips with past modals of deduction, and question formation. Maybe they left early they might have taken the train.
English exercise should have could have would have created by anonyme with. Our collection is growing every day with the help of many teachers. Circulate and circle the two best situations on each card. Book 3 unit 11 past modals for regrets and hypothetical past.